Spotting and Treating the Most Common Rose Problems
Roses have a reputation for being divas, and they've earned about half of it.它们造成的大部分麻烦都是一些具有明显症状的可预测问题——一旦你学会读懂树叶，你就会停止恐慌并开始修复。
I keep roses despite their demands because nothing else gives back what they do when they're healthy. The secret isn't some green-thumb magic; it's catching problems early and knowing which is which. Almost everything that goes wrong with a rose shows up first on the leaves or buds, and each issue has a tell. Here's the field guide I wish I'd had when I started, working through the common culprits one symptom at a time.
Black spots on the leaves
如果您看到带有流苏边缘的圆形黑点，通常周围环绕着泛黄的叶子，那就是黑斑病——这是最常见的玫瑰病害。 It spreads fast in wet, humid conditions and will defoliate a bush if you ignore it.
解决办法是部分卫生，部分治疗。除去你能看到的每一片受感染的叶子，最重要的是，捡起植物基部周围的落叶——它们含有重新感染的孢子。然后用 玫瑰杀菌剂 阻止蔓延并保护新的增长。我保留一个 手剪 sterilized between cuts so I'm not carrying spores from one cane to the next. Good airflow around the bush does more than any spray to prevent it coming back.
粉状白色涂层和卷曲叶子
当年轻的手杖看起来发育不良或畸形，叶子在卷曲并变成紫色之前会形成白色粉状涂层，这就是白粉病 - 一种通过风传播的真菌疾病。 It coats leaves, stems, and buds and weakens the whole plant.
A fungicidal spray formulated for mildew clears it, applied to the affected growth. As with black spot, prevention beats cure: don't crowd your roses, and water at the base rather than over the leaves so foliage dries quickly.一个 花园喷雾器 lets you apply treatment evenly and reach the undersides where fungus hides.
叶子下面有橙色水泡
Flip a leaf and find orange-red blisters that darken to black by fall, and you've got rust. It's persistent — it survives winter and ambushes new spring growth — so you have to be thorough.在秋天收集并丢弃每片受感染的叶子，不要将它们堆肥，并用杀菌剂处理大约七到十天的周期，直到它得到控制。用吸尘器清理掉落的碎片 叶耙 in fall removes the overwintering source before it can restart the cycle.
昆虫：螨虫、蚜虫和蓟马
并非所有玫瑰问题都是真菌引起的。 Three insects cause most of the rest, and they leave different signatures.
红蜘蛛 产生畸形、发育不良的叶子和花朵。 They're tiny — yellow, red, or green specks on the undersides of leaves — and they suck the juices out. A miticide or insecticide labeled for mites brings them down;一股强烈的水流从 花园软管喷嘴 also knocks back light infestations before they explode.
蚜虫 leave weak, mottled leaves with tiny white webs underneath. They're small soft-bodied insects — brown, green, or red — clustered under leaves and on flower buds, draining the tender new growth.安 杀虫皂 handles them well, and ladybugs will do the job for free if you let them. 蓟马 are the cause when flowers refuse to open or come out deformed; they're slender brown-yellow bugs with fringed wings that feed on the buds. Cut and discard the infested blooms, then treat the plant to stop the next round.
Feed them — roses are hungry
One thing ties all of this together: a well-fed rose resists problems far better than a starved one. Roses are heavy feeders that need plenty of nutrition to build strong, disease-resistant bushes. Skimp on feeding and you'll fight every problem above twice as hard.
我工作一个 玫瑰肥料 通过生长季节进入土壤，并用堆肥进行追肥，活力的差异是显而易见的——肥沃的灌木丛摆脱了那些被忽视的灌木丛压扁的麻烦。 Pair good feeding with the early-detection habits above, keep your tools clean, clear away fallen debris, and roses stop being divas. They become exactly what drew you to them in the first place: the best thing in the garden.
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